Programs that place people in actual employment situations in order to give them an opportunity to demonstrate their competence and skills, gain practical experience in a field for which they have been trained and/or develop new skills that will be beneficial with respect to future employment opportunities. People are placed on a short-term basis and, if remuneration is involved, are paid by the sponsoring agency rather than by the employer or through a cost-sharing arrangement.

Programs that provide individual or group training for people who want to learn the behaviors and techniques that are required for job retention. The training addresses regular attendance, punctuality, appropriate dress, adapting to supervision, employee rights and responsibilities and other soft skills. Included are job readiness programs for people who are seeking employment and postemployment programs that help people keep their job.

Programs that maintain listings of available employment opportunities and assign a staff member to help people who are searching for a position to choose and obtain the most suitable option.

Programs that provide or assist people in obtaining employment arrangements that are temporary in nature. Included are temporary help agencies that pay workers to fill temporary positions in other organizations while permanent staff are on vacation or otherwise unavailable and organizations that provide temporary positions for individuals who are chronically unemployed and retain the position on a time-limited basis as a transition to permanent employment.

Programs funded through the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act of 2014 that provide work-readiness training for youth age 14 through 24 from low-income households or are at risk of dropping out of school; and adults age 18 and older who are low-income and/or receiving public assistance and are unemployed. The goal is to prepare youth for high school graduation, post-secondary education and, ultimately, a career. Specific components of the WIA program may focus on special populations with unique employment problems including Native Americans, veterans, migrant and seasonal farm workers, dislocated workers and people who are homeless.

Individuals whose ethnic background and ancestry are that of the tribal, aboriginal peoples who originated in what is now the United States. Included are Native Americans who are living on or off reservations in rural and urban areas.

Individuals and families of Native American descent who have needs and interests in common based on living in areas recognized by the federal or a state government as being set aside for the use of Native Americans and governed by Native Americans.